The lumbar spine, which is located in the lower back, is composed of five vertebrae (L1-L5). The vertebrae are connected by discs that act as cushions and provide flexibility. The discs between the fourth and fifth vertebrae (L4-L5) are the most commonly affected by disc bulges.
A disc bulge occurs when the outer layer of the disc weakens and the inner layer begins to protrude. This puts pressure on the nerves exiting the spine, which can cause severe pain and other symptoms.
The pain associated with a disc bulge can vary greatly from person to person. Some people experience sharp and stabbing pain that radiates down the back of their leg. Others may experience a dull ache or even no pain at all. In some cases, the pain can be so severe that it affects a person’s ability to walk.
Other symptoms associated with a disc bulge include numbness and tingling in the affected area, as well as muscle weakness. These symptoms can be a result of the pressure on the nerves in the lower back.
The good news is that in most cases, a disc bulge does not require surgery. Treatment typically focuses on managing the symptoms, such as pain and muscle weakness, with a combination of rest, physical therapy, and medications.
In summary, a disc bulge in the L4-L5 region of the spine can cause a great deal of pain. However, with the proper treatment, most people can manage their symptoms and return to their normal activities.